Search results for "Lead shielding"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

Fetal dose measurements and shielding efficiency assessment in a custom setup of (192)Ir brachytherapy for a pregnant woman with breast cancer.

2015

To assess the radiation dose to the fetus of a pregnant patient undergoing high-dose-rate (HDR) (192)Ir interstitial breast brachytherapy, and to design a new patient setup and lead shielding technique that minimizes the fetal dose.Radiochromic films were placed between the slices of an anthropomorphic phantom modeling the patient. The pregnant woman was seated in a chair with the breast over a table and inside a leaded box. Dose variation as a function of distance from the implant volume as well as dose homogeneity within a representative slice of the fetal position was evaluated without and with shielding.With shielding, the peripheral dose after a complete treatment ranged from 50 cGy at…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFetal positionBreast NeoplasmsIonizing radiationLead shieldingBreast cancerFetusRadiation ProtectionPregnancymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiotherapy DosageGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseIridium RadioisotopesSurgeryRadiation therapyPregnancy ComplicationsElectromagnetic shieldingFemaleImplantbusinessNuclear medicinePhysica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
researchProduct

Dosimetric perturbations of a lead shield for surface and interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy.

2014

In surface and interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy with either (60)Co, (192)Ir, or (169)Yb sources, some radiosensitive organs near the surface may be exposed to high absorbed doses. This may be reduced by covering the implants with a lead shield on the body surface, which results in dosimetric perturbations. Monte Carlo simulations in Geant4 were performed for the three radionuclides placed at a single dwell position. Four different shield thicknesses (0, 3, 6, and 10 mm) and three different source depths (0, 5, and 10 mm) in water were considered, with the lead shield placed at the phantom surface. Backscatter dose enhancement and transmission data were obtained for the lead shields…

HDR brachytherapyMaterials sciencesuperficial and interstitialmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapydosimetric perturbationModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificityImaging phantomLead shieldingOpticsRadiation ProtectionShieldBody surfacemedicineHumansScattering RadiationComputer SimulationRadiometryWaste Management and DisposalMonte Carlo simulationbusiness.industrytransmissionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAbsorption RadiationReproducibility of ResultsRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineEquipment DesignHigh-Dose Rate BrachytherapyEquipment Failure AnalysisLeadElectromagnetic shieldinglead shieldbusinessNuclear medicineBolus (radiation therapy)Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
researchProduct

Monte Carlo evaluation of kerma in an HDR brachytherapy bunker

2004

In recent years, the use of high dose rate (HDR) after-loader machines has greatly increased due to the shift from traditional Cs-137/Ir-192 low dose rate (LDR) to HDR brachytherapy. The method used to calculate the required concrete and, where appropriate, lead shielding in the door is based on analytical methods provided by documents published by the ICRP, the IAEA and the NCRP. The purpose of this study is to perform a more realistic kerma evaluation at the entrance maze door of an HDR bunker using the Monte Carlo code GEANT4. The Monte Carlo results were validated experimentally. The spectrum at the maze entrance door, obtained with Monte Carlo, has an average energy of about 110 keV, m…

Internationalitymedicine.medical_treatmentNuclear engineeringBrachytherapyPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyRadiation DosageRisk AssessmentKermaLead shieldingRadiation ProtectionRadiation MonitoringRisk FactorsOccupational ExposuremedicineScattering RadiationComputer SimulationHospital Design and ConstructionRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMonte carlo evaluationLow dose rateSimulationPhysicsModels StatisticalRadiology Department HospitalRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyMonte carlo codeDose rateMonte Carlo MethodPhysics in Medicine and Biology
researchProduct

SU-E-T-691: Shielding Evaluation of a Treatment Room with An Electronic Brachytherapy System

2015

Purpose: Esteya™ (Elekta) is a brachytherapy electronic system used for treating skin cancer lesions. This unit is based on a 69.5 kV X-ray source and a surface applicator which produces a circular beam of a specific diameter, which varies from 1 to 3 cm. This study aims to establish the radiation protection measures for the system. Methods: A characterization of the scattered and leakage radiation of the system was implemented by means of experimental measurements. The scattered radiation measurements were performed with a Berthold LB133 ionization chamber, evaluating the dose rate for different distances from the applicator surface. The patient was simulated through water equivalent solid…

Materials sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyGeneral MedicineIonizing radiationLead shieldingAbsorbed doseIonization chamberElectromagnetic shieldingmedicineDosimetryRadiation protectionbusinessNuclear medicineMedical Physics
researchProduct

SU-FF-T-62: Dosimetric Evaluation of An Internal Shielding Used with a HDR Skin Applicator

2009

Purpose: The Valencia HDR skin applicators are accessories of the microSelectron HDR afterloading system (Nucletron) cup shaped to limit the dose to the irradiation area. Applicators sizes are: diameter 2 and 3 cm. The typical prescription depth is 3 mm. This work aims to evaluate the backscatter and electron contamination of an internal shielding used to reduce the dose to the ocular globe when the lesion is located at the eyelid. Monte Carlo(MC) and experimental methods have been used. Method and Materials: The geometry has been: the Valencia applicator (2 cm diameter) on the surface of a solid polystyrene slab phantom; inside, a 2 mm lead slab located at 3 mm depth. MC simulation charact…

ScannerLead shieldingOpticsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAbsorbed doseElectromagnetic shieldingMonte Carlo methodDosimetryGeneral MedicinebusinessBolus (radiation therapy)Imaging phantomMedical Physics
researchProduct